Biotic Component
Biotic Component
Biotic Component:
The biotic, or living, component of an ecosystem can be classified on the basis of how the organisms get their food, i.e., whether they are producers, consumers or decomposers.
Producers:
Organisms which make their own food are called producers. They are also called autotrophs. All green plants and certain blue-green algae act as food producers in ecosystems.
Consumers:
Organisms that depend on other organisms for food are called consumers or heterotrophs. All animals which eat plants or other animals are consumers. Bacteria and fungi that depend on dead plants and animals for food are also in a way consumers. Consumers can be classified as herbivores, carnivores and omnivores. Herbivores eat only plants and plant products. Cows, deer and rabbits are herbivores. Carnivores eat only the flesh of other animals. Tigers, snakes and hawks are carnivores. Omnivores eat plants as well as the flesh of other animals. Man and crow are examples of omnivores.
Sometimes it is useful to classify the consumers in an ecosystem on the basis of ‘who eats whom’.
Primary consumers are those who feed directly on the producers (plants). Carnivores who feed on plant-eating animals (herbivores) are secondary consumers. For example, a grasshopper that feeds on plants is a primary consumer, and the frog that eats the grasshopper is a secondary consumer. The frog could be eaten by a larger carnivore like a snake. A carnivore that feeds on smaller carnivores is called a tertiary consumer. This consumer may be eaten by the largest carnivore, or the top carnivore, of the ecosystem. The top carnivore is not killed and eaten by other animals of the ecosystem. The top carnivore belongs to a higher order of consumers.
Decomposers:
Organisms which feed on dead plants and animals are called decomposers. Decomposers are also called saprotrophs or saprophytes. They include bacteria, fungi and worms. Decomposers break down (decompose) the compounds present in dead plants and animals into simpler substances and obtain nutrition from them. The substances formed in decomposition are released into the soil and the atmosphere. Thus, decomposers play an important role in the recycling of materials, replenishment of the soil’s nutrients, etc. They also clean up our surroundings by decomposing dead organisms and wastes from animals and plants.
Choose the set that represents only the biotic components of a habitat. | |||
| Right Option : D | |||
| View Explanation | |||
Choose the odd one out from below with respect to reproduction. | |||
| Right Option : D | |||
| View Explanation | |||
Flora and fauna are ___________________ | |||
| Right Option : C | |||
| View Explanation | |||
Students / Parents Reviews [10]
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